@inbook {519,
	title = {18. Sipuncula: developmental evidcence for phylogenetic inference},
	booktitle = {The origins and relationships of lower invertebrates},
	year = {1985},
	note = {@ SIPS ARE...PHYLUM. A REVIEW OF DEVEL. FEATURES SHOWS SIMILARITIES TO ANNELIDS \& MOLL. CLEAV. SPIRAL GIVING TROCH. LARV. LIKE MOLL, THE CROSS CELLS FO THE APICAL PLATE ARE IN THE RADIAL POSITION. LIKE ANN. IN PROTO \& METATROCHAL CILIARY BANDS, FORMULATION OF LARVAL CUTICLE FROM EGG ENVELOPE, AND ESPECIALY IN DEVEL OF NERV. SYST. DIFFER FROM ANN BY NO SEGMENT. THUS, PROPOSED THAT SIPS AR A PRIMATIVE GRUOP THAT AROSE FROM A MOLLUSCAN-ANNELIDAN STEM. WITHIN PHYL PRIM PATT PRESUMED TO HAVE INCLUDED A MODERATLY YOLKY EGG COVERED BY A THICK EGG ENVELOPE, A NON-FEEDING TROCH ENCIRCLED BY THE PERSISTANT EGG ENVELOPE, AND A PLANKTOTROPHIC PELAGOSPHEREA LARVA. THIS DEVEL. PATT IS ASSUMED TO HAVE ARISEN FROM AN ANCESTRAL PATT W A PLANKTOTROPHIC TROCHOPHORE AND AN EGG LIVING IN A SIMPLE ENVELOPE AND LOW YOLK CONTENT. PLANKTOTORPHY IN SIPS, APPARENTLY RETARDED BY THE DEVEL OF THICK EGG ENVEL. AND AN ASSOCIATED MODERATE INCREASE IN YOLK, WAS ACCORDINGLY SHIFTED TO THE SPECIALIZED LARVAL FORM, THE PELAGOSPHERA. BASED ON THESE HYPOTHESES, TWO EVOL. SEQUENCES CAN BE DEFINED IN EXTANT DEVEL PATT OF SIPS: 1 > INCR YOLK \& DECRE IN PELAG STAGE \& OTHER > REDUC YOLK \& PROLONG PELAG STGE AS LONG-LIVD PLANK{\textquoteright}PHIC PEL{\textquoteright}SPHA OF OPEN OCEAN},
	pages = {274-296},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	address = {Oxford},
	keywords = {development, phylogeny},
	author = {Rice, M. E.},
	editor = {Morris, S. C. and George, J. D. and Gibson, R. and Platt, H. M.}
}
@article {508,
	title = {Morphology, behavior and histogenesis of the pelagosphera larva of Phascolosoma agassizii (Sipuncula) ______________________},
	journal = {Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology},
	volume = {132},
	year = {1973},
	note = {@ MORPHOL, BEHAV, HISTOGEN DESCRIB FOR PH.AG. PELAGOSPHERA LARV. STRUCTURES FOLLOWED ARE: BODY WALL, COELOM \& ITS ELEMENTS, RET. MUSC, GUT, BUCCAL ORGAN, LIP GLAND, NERV. SYST., NEPHRID, LARV. GLANDS \& TERMINAL ORG. FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ORGANS ASSOCIATED WITHT HE MOUTH... INTRA \& INTER-PHYLETIC COMPARISONS OF DEVEL ARE DISC.. GENERAL MORPH OF LARV \& FEW OBS. ON LARV. LOCOMO \& FEEDING IN THE LAB. *READ FOR MORE DETAIL LATER? PROBABLY TOOK MOST OF THIS INTO HER LATER PAPERS \& REHASHED IT THERE FOR MORE GENERAL AUDIENCE. ?USE THOSE INSTEAD? ESPEC ON PHYLOGENY},
	pages = {1-51},
	keywords = {development, ontogeny, ph. agassizi, phylogeny},
	author = {Rice, M. E.}
}
